中国高校科技期刊研究会第9次会员代表大会在北京召开，中宣部出版局副局长张怀海、教育部科学技术与信息化司一级巡视员张国辉等领导出席会议并发表..
英文简介：Comparative politics is a field in political science, characterized by an empirical approach based on the comparative method. In other words, comparative politics is the study of the domestic politics, political institutions, and conflicts of countries. It often involves comparisons among countries and through time within single countries, emphasizing key patterns of similarity and difference. Arend Lijphart argues that comparative politics does not have a substantive focus in itself, but rather a methodological one: it focuses on "the how but does not specify the what of the analysis."[1] In other words, comparative politics is not defined by the object of its study, but rather by the method it applies to study political phenomena. Peter Mair and Richard Rose advance a slightly different definition, arguing that comparative politics is defined by a combination of a substantive focus on the study of countries' political systems and a method of identifying and explaining similarities and differences between these countries using common concepts.[2][3] Rose states that, on his definition: "The focus is explicitly or implicitly upon more than one country, thus following familiar political science usage in excluding within-nation comparison. Methodologically, comparison is distinguished by its use of concepts that are applicable in more than one country."[3] When applied to specific fields of study, comparative politics may be referred to by other names, such as for example comparative government (the comparative study of forms of government) or comparative foreign policy (comparing the foreign policies of different States in order to establish general empirical connections between the characteristics of the State and the characteristics of its foreign policy). Sometimes, especially in the United States, the term "comparative politics" is used to refer to "the politics of foreign countries." This usage of the term, however, is often considered incorrect.[4][5] "Comparative political science" as a general term for an area of study, as opposed to a methodology of study, can be seen as redundant. The political only shows as political when either an overt or tacit comparison is being made. A study of a single political entity, whether a society, subculture or period, would show the political as simple brute reality without comparison with another society, subculture, or period.中文简介：（来自Google、百度翻译）比较政治学是以比较方法为基础的实证研究方法。也就是说，比较政治学是研究国家内部政治、政治制度和冲突的学科。它经常涉及国家之间的比较和单一国家内部的时间比较，强调相似和不同的关键模式。Arend Lijphart认为，比较政治学本身并没有一个实质性的重点，而是一个方法论的重点:它关注的是“如何分析，但没有具体说明分析的内容”。换句话说，比较政治学不是由它的研究对象来定义的，而是由它用来研究政治现象的方法来定义的。彼得·梅尔(Peter Mair)和理查德·罗斯(Richard Rose)提出了一个稍微不同的定义，他们认为，比较政治的定义是对各国政治制度的研究的实质性关注，以及使用共同概念来识别和解释这些国家之间的异同的方法的结合。[2][3] Rose在他的定义中指出:“关注的焦点或明或暗地集中在一个以上的国家，因此遵循了人们熟悉的政治科学排除国家内部比较的用法。在方法上，比较的区别在于它使用的概念适用于多个国家 当应用于特定领域的研究,比较政治可能被其他名称,例如例如比较政府(政府)的形式的比较研究或比较外交政策(比较不同国家的外交政策为了建立一般经验之间的连接状态的特点和其外交政策的特点)。 有时，尤其是在美国，“比较政治”一词被用来指“外国的政治”。然而，这个术语的这种用法通常被认为是不正确的 “比较政治学”作为一个研究领域的通称，与研究方法相反，可以认为是多余的。政治只有在进行公开或暗中比较时才表现为政治。一个单一的政治实体，无论是一个社会，亚文化或时期的研究，将显示政治作为简单的残酷现实，没有与另一个社会，亚文化，或时期比较。
